![]() Cavitary tuberculosis: The gateway of disease transmission. Pulmonary tuberculosis: Role of radiology in diagnosis and management. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. ![]() We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. ![]() Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. This pattern resembles numerous small nodules scattered throughout both lungs, resembling millet seeds, hence the term miliary. In some cases, TB can spread throughout the lungs, leading to a miliary pattern on X-ray. This is more commonly observable in children and can be an important diagnostic clue. The mediastinal region of the lungs refers to the area in the chest that lies between the lungs, containing the heart, major blood vessels, windpipe ( trachea), esophagus, and lymph nodes. LymphadenopathyĮnlarged lymph nodes, especially in the mediastinal region, can sometimes show up on X-rays of people with TB. Pleural effusion in TB may also indicate a related pleural infection. On a chest X-ray, pleural effusion appears as an area of equal opacity, typically at the lung base. TB can also lead to fluid accumulation between the pleura layers, which covers the lung. A weakened immune system may be responsible for triggering TB reactivation. Reactivation TB refers to a resurgence of the disease in a person who previously had a latent or controlled TB infection. These cavities are widespread in reactivation TB and are often observable in the upper lobes. Cavities are areas of lung tissue destruction that appear as round, hollow spaces within the infiltrate on the X-ray. One of the hallmark features of pulmonary TB on X-ray is cavitation. They can vary in size and shape, and in many cases, they indicate active pulmonary (lung) TB. These infiltrates are more commonly observable in the upper lobes of the lungs. TB often presents as infiltrates, which are areas of increased opacity in the lungs on chest X-rays. They look for certain radiological features to help confirm their theories and guide treatment.Ĭharacteristics of TB on X-ray include the below. When doctors suspect a person has TB, they typically order an X-ray of the thorax, which is the area between the neck and the abdomen. What does tuberculosis look like on a chest X-ray?
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